Rootstocks are used to control the mature height of fruit trees. The following matrix describes the main rootstocks we use.
When choosing trees for your orchard project you will also need to choose the correct rootstock. We show the likely mature height and the recommended spacing between trees. We also give an indication of the cold-hardiness or resistance to winter temperatures.
These are only general recommendations - if you are starting a new orchard project you are welcome to contact us for more advice.
Apple trees
| Rootstock | Mature height | Example spacings | Cold hardy? |
|---|---|---|---|
| G.41 | 2m-2.5m | 1m - 3m | |
| G.11 | 2m-2.5m | 1m - 3m | |
| M9 | 2m-2.5m | 1m - 3m | |
| G.969 | 2m - 3.5m | 2.5m - 3.5m | |
| M116 | 3m - 3.5m | 3m - 3.5m | |
| MM111 | 4m - 5m | 4m - 4.5m | |
| M25 | 6m - 7m | 5m - 7m | |
| Bittenfelder | 6m - 7m | 5m - 7m | |
| Antonovka | 6m - 7m | 5m - 7m |
Pear trees
| Rootstock | Mature height | Example spacings | Cold hardy? |
|---|---|---|---|
| BA29 | 3m - 4m | 3.5m - 4m | |
| Pyrodwarf | 4m - 5m | 4m - 5m | |
| Kirchensaller | 6m + | 6m - 7m |
Plum trees
| Rootstock | Mature height | Example spacings | Cold hardy? |
|---|---|---|---|
| Wavit | 3m - 3.5m | 3m - 4m | |
| Adaptabil | 3m - 4m | 3.5m - 4m | |
| St. Julien A | 3m - 4m | 3.5m - 4m | |
| Myrobalan | 6m + | 6m - 7m |
Cherry trees
| Rootstock | Mature height | Example spacings | Cold hardy? |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gisela 5 | 3m | 3m - 4m | |
| Gisela 6 | 3m - 4m | 3.5m - 4m | |
| Colt | 4m - 5m | 4m | |
| Mazzard (Alkavo) | 6m + | 6m - 7m |
Citrus trees
| Rootstock | Mature height | Example spacings | Cold hardy? |
|---|---|---|---|
| Flying Dragon | 2.5m - 3.5m | 3m - 4m | |
| Pomeroy | 3m - 4m | 4m | |
| Citrumelo 4475 | 4m - 5m | 6m - 7m |
Peach trees
Peaches, nectarines, and almonds can be grafted on many plum rootstocks, particularly St. Julien A.
Rootstocks for sale
If you would like to graft your own fruit trees we can supply many of the rootstocks we use. Click here to buy rootstocks.